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Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago 220 E Chicago Ave Chicago Il 60611 United States

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Art museum in Chicago, Illinois

Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago
MCA Chicago 060930.jpg

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago is located in Near North Side, Chicago

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago

Location in Chicago'south Near North Side community area
Established 1967
(current location since 1996)
Location 220 Due east Chicago Avenue,
Chicago, Illinois 60611-2643
United States
Coordinates 41°53′50″N 87°37′sixteen″Westward  /  41.8972°Northward 87.6212°West  / 41.8972; -87.6212
Director Madeleine Grynsztejn
Website mcachicago.org

The Museum of Contemporary Fine art (MCA) Chicago is a gimmicky art museum near H2o Tower Place in downtown Chicago in Cook Canton, Illinois, Us. The museum, which was established in 1967, is ane of the world's largest gimmicky fine art venues. The museum'due south collection is equanimous of thousands of objects of Postal service-Globe State of war II visual art. The museum is run gallery-way, with individually curated exhibitions throughout the yr. Each exhibition may be equanimous of temporary loans, pieces from their permanent collection, or a combination of the two.[1]

The museum has hosted several notable debut exhibitions including Frida Kahlo's kickoff U.Due south. exhibition and Jeff Koons' offset solo museum exhibition. Koons afterwards presented an showroom at the Museum that broke the museum's attendance record. The current tape for the nearly attended exhibition is the 2017 exhibition of Takashi Murakami piece of work. The museums collection, which includes Jasper Johns, Andy Warhol, Cindy Sherman, Kara Walker, and Alexander Calder, contains historical samples of 1940s–1970s late surrealism, pop art, minimalism, and conceptual art; notable holdings 1980s postmodernism; as well every bit contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, video, installation, and related media. Information technology also presents trip the light fantastic, theater, music, and multidisciplinary arts.

The current location at 220 East Chicago Artery is in the Streeterville neighborhood of the Near North Side community area.[2] Josef Paul Kleihues designed the electric current building afterwards the museum conducted a 12-calendar month search, reviewing more than 200 nominations.[three] The museum was originally located at 237 E Ontario Street, which was originally designed equally a bakery. The current building is known for its signature staircase leading to an elevated footing floor, which has an atrium, the total glass-walled east and w façades giving a direct view of the urban center and Lake Michigan.

History [edit]

The Museum of Contemporary Art (MCA) Chicago was created as the event of a 1964 meeting of 30 critics, collectors and dealers at the home of critic Doris Lane Butler to bring the long-discussed idea of a museum of contemporary art to complement the city'due south Art Institute of Chicago, co-ordinate to a chiliad opening story in Fourth dimension.[four] Information technology opened in fall 1967 in a small space at 237 Due east Ontario Street that had for a time served as the corporate offices of Playboy Enterprises.[5] Its first managing director was Jan van der Marck.[6] In 1970 he invited Wolf Vostell to make the Concrete Traffic sculpture in Chicago.[7]

Initially, the museum was conceived primarily as a space for temporary exhibitions, in the German kunsthalle model. However, in 1974, the museum began acquiring a permanent collection of gimmicky art objects created afterward 1945.[eight] The MCA expanded into adjacent buildings to increase gallery space; and in 1977, following a fundraising drive for its tenth anniversary, a 3-story neighboring townhouse was purchased, renovated, and continued to the museum.[5] In 1978, Gordon Matta-Clark executed his final major project in the townhouse. In his work Circus Or The Caribbean Orangish (1978), Matta-Clark made circle cuts in the walls and floors of the townhouse next-door to the offset museum.[nine] [10]

Museum of Contemporary Fine art, Chicago.

In 1991, the museum's Board of Trustees contributed $37 million ($73.6 million today) of the expected $55 million ($109.iv million) construction costs for Chicago'due south starting time new museum building in 65 years.[eleven] Half-dozen of the board members were key to the fundraising as major donors: Jerome Stone (chairman emeritus of Rock Container Corporation), Beatrice C. Mayer (daughter of Sara Lee Corporation founder Nathan Cummings) and family, Mrs. Edwin Lindy Bergman, the Neison Harris (president of Pittway Corporation) and Irving Harris families, and Thomas and Frances Dittmer (commodities).[12] [13] The Board of Trustees then weighed architectural proposals from half dozen finalists: Emilio Ambasz of New York; Tadao Ando of Osaka, Japan; Josef Paul Kleihues of Berlin; Fumihiko Maki of Tokyo; Morphosis of Santa Monica, Calif.; and Christian de Portzamparc of Paris.[12] According to Chicago Tribune Pulitzer Prize-winning architecture critic Blair Kamin, the list of contenders was controversial because no Chicago-based architects were included equally finalists despite the fact that prominent Chicago architects such as Helmut Jahn and Stanley Tigerman were among the 23 semi-finalists. In fact, none of the finalists had made whatever prior structures in Chicago. The selection procedure, which started with 209 contenders, was based on professional qualifications, recent projects, and the ability to work closely with the staff of the aspiring museum.[xiv]

from right (1919)

from left (1919)

In 1996, the MCA opened its current museum at 220 E Chicago Avenue, which was the site of a quondam National Guard Armory betwixt Lake Michigan and Michigan Avenue from 1907 until it was demolished in 1993 to brand way for the MCA.[15] The four-story 220,000-foursquare-foot (20,000 mii) edifice designed by Josef Paul Kleihues,[sixteen] which was five times larger than its predecessor,[17] made the Museum of Contemporary Art (MCA) Chicago the largest institution devoted to contemporary fine art in the world.[xviii] The physical structure is said to reference the modernism of Mies van der Rohe as well as the tradition of Chicago architecture.[eight] The museum opened at its new location June 21–22, 1996, with a 24-hour event that drew more than 25,000 visitors.[9] For its 50th anniversary in 2017, the museum unveiled a $16 million renovation past architects Johnston Marklee, which redesigned 12,000 square feet within the existing footprint of the original Joseph Paul Kleihues design.[19]

Functioning [edit]

The museum operates as a tax-exempt non-profit organization, and its exhibitions, programming, and operations are member-supported and privately funded.[20] The board of trustees is composed of vi officers, 16 life trustees, and more than 46 trustees. The current lath chair is Michael O'Grady.[21] The museum too has a managing director, who oversees the MCA'south staff of about 100. Madeleine Grynsztejn replaced ten-year director Robert Fitzpatrick during the 2008 fiscal yr in this capacity, and she is the MCA's first female director.[22]

The museum operates with three programming departments: Curatorial, Performance, and Learning and Public Programs. The curatorial staff consists of James W. Alsdorf Chief Curator Michael Darling, Senior Curator Naomi Beckwith, Offshoot Curator Lynne Warren, Associate Curator of Performance Tara Aisha Willis, and Assistant Curator Grace Deveney.[23] In 2009, the museum reported $17.5 meg in both operating income, l% of which came from contributions, and operating expenses.[24] Contributions were received from individuals, corporations, foundations, government entities, and fundraising.[25] In 2016, the museum reported $23 1000000 in both operating income and operating expenses. sixty.3% came from contributions.[26]

The museum is closed Mondays and is open from ten a.m. to 5 p.grand. on Wednesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays, and Sundays, with extended hours of operation on Tuesdays and Fridays until 9 p.grand. While the museum has no mandatory admission charge, suggested access is $fifteen for adults and $8 for students, teachers and seniors. Admission is free for MCA members, members of the military and all youth xviii and under. Information technology currently provides free admission to Illinois residents every Tuesday.[27] During the summers, the museum provides complimentary outdoor Tuesday Jazz concerts.[28] In addition to art exhibits, the museum offers trip the light fantastic toe, theater, music, and multidisciplinary arts. The programming includes primary projects and festivals of a broad spectrum of artists presented in performance, discussion, and workshop formats.[29]

Exhibitions [edit]

Past [edit]

In its first year of operation, the museum hosted the exhibitions, Pictures To Exist Read/Poetry To Be Seen, Claes Oldenburg: Projects for Monuments, and Dan Flavin: Pinkish and Gold, which was the artist's first solo show.[9] In 1969, the museum served as the site of Christo's first edifice wrap in the United States. Information technology was wrapped in more 8,000 foursquare anxiety (700 thousand²) of tarpaulin and rope.[30] The following year it hosted one-person shows for Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg, and Andy Warhol.

The MCA has as well played host to the get-go American and solo exhibitions of prominent artists such as Frida Kahlo[eight] in 1978.[31] Other exhibition highlights include the start solo museum shows of Dan Flavin,[32] [33] in 1967,[31] and Jeff Koons,[34] in 1988.[31] In 1989, the MCA hosted Robert Mapplethorpe, The Perfect Moment, a traveling exhibition organized by the Plant of Contemporary Fine art in Philadelphia.[5] Boosted highlights of exhibitions organized or co-organized past the MCA include:

  • Enrico Baj (1971)
  • Chuck Shut (1972)
  • Lee Bontecou (1972)
  • Richard Artschwager (1973)
  • Thomas Kovachevich (1973)
  • Robert Irwin (1975)
  • Vito Acconci (1980)
  • Magdalena Abakanowicz (1982)
  • Lorna Simpson (1992)
  • Beverly Semmes (1995)
  • Mona Hatoum (1997)
  • Tom Friedman (2000)
  • John Currin (2003)
  • Rudolf Stingel (2007)

Recent [edit]

In 2006, the MCA was the only American museum to host Bruce Mau's Massive Alter exhibit, which concerned the social, economic, and political effects of design. Additional 2006 exhibitions featured photographers Catherine Opie and Wolfgang Tillmans likewise as Chicago-based cartoonist Chris Ware. The 2008 Koons retrospective broke the attendance record with 86,584 visitors for the May 31 – show of September 21, 2008.[35] [36] This was the culminating exhibit of the 2008 fiscal year,[37] which celebrated the 40th anniversary of the museum.[38]

In 2009, the MCA presented Jeremy Deller's exhibition It Is What It Is: Conversations About Iraq. The exhibition was organized by the New Museum, and it was a new committee by the New Museum, New York; the Museum of Contemporary Fine art, Chicago; and the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles.[39]

Co-organized by the San Francisco Museum of Modernistic Fine art and the Wexner Center for the Arts, the MCA presented Luc Tuymans from October 2010 – Jan 2011.[xl] Susan Philipsz: We Shall Be All was presented at the MCA February – June 2011. The Turner Prize-winning artist's audio exhibition featured protest songs and drew from Chicago's labor history.[41] The exhibition Eiko & Koma: Time is Not Even, Infinite is Not Empty is the first series of phase performances and a gallery exhibition presented at the MCA. The Japanese-built-in choreographers and dance artists perform and exhibit at the MCA June – November 2011.[42]

In 2014, the MCA was the only Us venue to mountain the David Bowie Is... exhibition, which broke previous attendance records for the museum.[43] To date, the most attended exhibition is the 2017 Takashi Murakami: The Octopus Eats Its Own Leg exhibit, which broke the David Bowie Is... record set in 2014 with over 193,000 attendees.[44]

Following David Bowie Is..., the MCA debuted the critically acclaimed exhibition Kerry James Marshall: Mastry in 2016. Mastry afterwards traveled to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and the Los Angeles Museum of Gimmicky Fine art.[45] In 2017, the MCA curated a testify past the Japanese creative person Takashi Murakami which prepare attendance records, and in 2019 the museum launched a mid-career retrospective for the piece of work of the American designer Virgil Abloh, a former collaborator of Murakami's.[46]

In 2020, the MCA opened "Duro Olowu:Seeing Chicago", a curated exhibition past Duro Olowu of over 350 artworks from Chicago which marked the first time the museum had hired a invitee art curator.[47]

Recurring programs [edit]

After a 10-year run, the exhibition series UBS 12x12: New Artists/New Work is moving from the second floor to the third floor, into a larger gallery space and will change its name to "Chicago Works." The exhibition series volition nonetheless feature Chicago-area artists. Rather than each artist being displayed for one month, each exhibition in the serial will now be displayed for 3 months.[48]

Starting in 2002, the MCA began commissioning artists and architects to design and construct public art for the front plaza. The goal of the program is to link the museum to its neighboring community by extending its programmatic, educational, and outreach functions.[49] While artists take been exhibited intermittently on the MCA plaza since 2002, the summer 2011 plaza showroom showcasing four works past Miami-based sculptor Marker Handforth marks a revitalization of the plaza projection.[50]

From Oct through May, the MCA hosts monthly Family unit Days, which feature artistic activities for all ages.[51] Each summer, the museum hosts Tuesdays on the Terrace, a jazz functioning series, and a Farmers Market on the MCA plaza on Tuesdays from June through October.[52] Yr round, the MCA offers a Tuesday evening series, In Progress, that explores the creative process, in addition to a Friday evening series led by local artists in the museum'south public engagement space, the Commons.[53]

Operation [edit]

The MCA Phase has featured local, national, and international theater, dance, music, multimedia, and moving picture performances. It is known as the "well-nigh active interdisciplinary arts presenter in Chicago" and partners with local community organizations for the co-presentations of performing arts.[54]

Notable MCA Stage appearances include performances by Mikhail Baryshnikov, eighth blackbird, Peter Beck, Marie Chouinard, Merce Cunningham, Philip Glass, Martha Graham, Akram Khan, Taylor Mac, and Twyla Tharp.[55]

New structure [edit]

The new v-storey limestone and bandage-aluminum construction was designed past Berlin architect Josef Paul Kleihues. The building, which opened in 1996, contains 45,000 foursquare feet (4,200 m2) of gallery space (vii times the space of the onetime museum), a theater, studio-classrooms, an educational activity eye, a museum store, a eating place-café, and a sculpture garden.[8] [56] The MCA building was Kleihues's beginning American structure. Its construction cost US$46.5 million ($80.3 million today).[57] The sculpture garden, which is 34,000 foursquare anxiety (3,200 m2),[16] includes a sculptural installation by Sol LeWitt and sculptures by George Rickey and Jane Highstein. The floor plan of both the building and the sculpture garden is a square, on which the proportions of the building is based.[58]

The building's master archway, which is accessed past scaling 32 steps, uses both symmetry and transparency as themes for its large central glass walls that compose the majority of both the east and west façades of the building. Two boosted entrances—into the education center and into the museum store—are located on either side of the main staircase. The monumental staircase with projecting bays and plinths that may be used equally the base for sculpture is reminiscent of the propyleia of the Acropolis in Athens.[58] The principal level entry hall has an adjacent 55-foot (xvi.8 m) atrium that connects it to a eating house in the rear of the building. Two galleries for temporary exhibitions flank the atrium. The stairwell in the northwest corner is often cited as the buildings most interesting and dynamic artistic feature. The elevated views of Lake Michigan are considered to exist a rewarding feature of the building.[30] The edifice's 56-foot (17.ane g) glass facade sits atop sixteen anxiety (four.9 m) of Indiana limestone.[59] The edifice is known for its manus-bandage aluminum panels adjoined to the facade with stainless steel buttons.[thirty] [59] The building has two 2-story gallery spaces and a smaller ane-story gallery infinite on the second floor. The tertiary flooring has a gallery and exhibition space in its northwest section, and the fourth flooring has two large galleries, an exhibition space on the westward side of the building, and a gallery in the southwest department.[xxx] [59]

The museum has a 296-seat multi-use theater with a proscenium-layout stage. The seats are laid out in 14 rows with two side aisles. The stage is 52 by 34 anxiety (sixteen 1000 × 10 m) and elevated 36 inches (0.91 1000) to a higher place the floor level of the get-go row of seats. The business firm has a 12 caste incline. The stage has three curtains and four catwalks.[sixty] For its 50th anniversary in 2017, the museum unveiled a $16 one thousand thousand renovation by architects Johnston Marklee, which redesigned 12,000 foursquare feet (ane,100 mii) inside the existing footprint of the original Joseph Paul Kleihues design.[61]

In 2017, the MCA deputed architects Johnston Marklee to redesign select public spaces of the museum to create three major new offerings: Marisol, the ground-floor destination restaurant with an immersive art environs by international artist Chris Ofili; a social date space called the Eatables on the second floor with an installation past Pedro y Juana; and a new third floor with classrooms and a flexible meeting space that puts learning at the very center of the museum. This major $16-million renovation converted 12,000 foursquare anxiety (1,100 10002) of interior space and coincided with the MCA's 50th anniversary.[62]

Critical review [edit]

Complaining that the structure has a more fortress-similar exterior than the Museum's earlier home, Kamin viewed the architectural attempt equally a fumbled work. However, he considered the interior to be serene and contemplative in a style that complements the contemporary fine art and compact and organized in a manner that is an improvement on the more than traditional mazelike museums.[thirty] Comparing the building to the Sullivan Center and the Art Institute of Chicago Building, Kamin describes the museum as an homage to ii of Chicago's architectural influences: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Louis Sullivan.[thirty] Other critics likewise notation the presence of Mies van der Rohe's spirit in the architecture.[63]

Chicago-based builder Douglas Garofalo has described the building as stark, intimidating and "incongruous with contemporary sensibilities".[49] The interior atrium, which the architect claims links the metropolis to the lake is part of a transcendent infinite that benefits from the sunlight that enters through the high glass walls. The building is said to be designed to split up the fine art from other distracting services and functions of the venue.[63] Kamin was also pleased with the separate entrances on the chief floor for the museum store and accessibility entrances.[30]

New Vision [edit]

Announced by the Chicago Tribune in June 2011, the MCA is in the process of reinventing its identity with new curators, a new flooring plan, and a new vision. MCA Director Madeleine Grynsztejn says the museum seeks to be 50/l creative person-activated/audience-engaged. The master floor'south north and s galleries will present exhibitions showcasing the museum'southward permanent collection and work by mail service-emerging contemporary artists. The third flooring will be for the "Chicago Works" series. The fourth floor will have gallery spaces for the MCA Screen and MCA Deoxyribonucleic acid series, while the main butt-vaulted galleries will be for special exhibitions.[64]

Drove [edit]

The museum'due south collection consists of virtually ii,700 objects, also as more than than 3,000 artist'due south books. The collection includes works of fine art from 1945 to the present.[65]

Former MCA Chief Curator Elizabeth Smith provided a narrative of the museum's collection.[66] She says the drove has examples of late surrealism, pop art, minimalism, and conceptual art from the 1940s through the 1970s; work from the 1980s that can be grouped under postmodernism; and painting, sculpture, photography, video, installation, and related media current artists explore.[67]

Notable Works [edit]

  • Study for a Portrait, 1949, by Francis Bacon
  • Les merveilles de la nature (The Wonders of Nature), 1953, René Magritte[68]
  • Polychrome and Horizontal Bluebird, 1954, past Alexander Calder
  • In Retentivity of My Feelings - Frank O'Hara, 1961, by Jasper Johns
  • Retroactive Two, 1963, by Robert Rauschenberg
  • Jackie Frieze, 1964, past Andy Warhol[69]
  • Untitled, 1970, Donald Judd
  • Untitled Movie Withal, #fourteen, 1978, by Cindy Sherman[70]
  • Rabbit, 1986, by Jeff Koons[71]
  • Cindy, 1988, past Chuck Shut[72]
  • Presenting Negro Scenes Fatigued Upon My Passage through the South and Reconfigured for the Do good of Enlightened Audiences Wherever Such May Exist Establish, By Myself, Missus Thou.E.B. Walker, Colored, 1997, by Kara Walker[73] [74]

During the 2008 financial year the MCA celebrated its 40th anniversary, which inspired gifts of works by artists such as Dan Flavin, Alfredo Jaar, and Thomas Ruff. Additionally, the museum expanded its collection by acquiring the work of some of the artists it presented during its ceremony celebration such as Carlos Amorales, Tony Oursler, and Adam Pendleton.[38]

See also [edit]

  • Chicago architecture
  • Visual arts of Chicago
  • List of museums and cultural institutions in Chicago
  • List of contemporary art museums
  • MCA Stage

References [edit]

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  69. ^ "Warhol, Andy". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on Dec 28, 2010. Retrieved Baronial 5, 2011.
  70. ^ "Sherman, Cindy". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on Dec 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  71. ^ "Koons, Jeff". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  72. ^ "Shut, Chuck". Museum of Gimmicky Fine art. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved February 5, 2007.
  73. ^ "Walker, Kara". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August five, 2011.
  74. ^ Smith, Elizabeth. Life Death Love Hate Pleasure Pain: Selected works from the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago. Museum of Gimmicky Art, Chicago: 2003.

External links [edit]

  • Official website

Coordinates: 41°53′50″N 87°37′16″W  /  41.8972°Northward 87.6212°W  / 41.8972; -87.6212

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Chicago

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